assignments

1.The Dissolubility of Marriage  by Devan

                Indissolubility is that essential property of marriage in virtue of which the conjugal bond between husband and wife cannot be dissolved or broken by any human power during the life time of either of the two. It means that the marriage cannot be dissolved, that it must last until the death of the partners.

It divided into two

1. Separation

2. Divorce

2.EXPLAIN THE CATE GORICAL IMPERTAITVE ACC TO KANT

Formula-I (The formula of the Universal Law)

"Act only on that maxim through which you can at the same time will that it should become a universal law."

            This is from the point of view of the acting individual. He should make sure that the underlying maxim of the action should be an objective one-can be willed universally. In other words anyone is said to be moral if he/she falls in line with the general will. No exception from the general wills if allowed here for anyone because exceptions are due to inclinations. This point to a necessary community matrix in which in which morally worthy actions can be realized.  

Moral > universal > objective.

Immoral>particular>subject

            Autonomy of any agent is not taken away. It is safe guarded in the first formulation. Morality is the universal disposition to act according to the categorical imperative which is necessitated by reason.

Variant formula:  "Act as if the maxim of your action were to become through tour will a universal law of nature"

 

Formula II- The formula of the end-in-itself

"Act in such a way that you always treat humanity, whether in your own person or in the person of others, never simply as a means, but always at the same time as an end.

            Humanity is to be treated as the unconditional and of morality i.e., being moral being human for Kant, the end of humanity is the rational end. It is the a priori end, those functions independent of inclinations. The end of humanity is already present as an end-in-itself. For Kant, humanity is the Absolute value. Rational beings are called persons because we are capable of treating our own humanity and that of others as an end in itself. We can uphold our own human nature only by recognizing and respectively other rational agents. It also includes acknowledging that all are endowed with a good will and that they are end-in-themselves.

            When formula I and II are put together we arrive in a combined formula as. Adopt only those maxims which have an end of treating the humanity of oneself and others not as a mere mean but as an end in itself universally.

 

Formula III

Along with the universal application (from) and the fundamental content (matter), in the third formula, Kant proposes the Obligating Aspect.

"So act that your will can regard itself at the same time as making universal law through its maxims". "So act that the maxim of your will could always hold at the same time as a principle establishing universal law". Its implied principle is: the moral agent gives himself or herself the universal law. Universal legislation if universally binding.

            The universal legislation of moral law is said to be a legislation effected by each for all and all for each. Rational is Relational.

 

Variation of formula III: Kingdom of Ends

"So act as if you were always through your maxims a law-making member in a universal kingdom of ends". Kingdom of ends contains explicit command to practice morality in view of a collective goal or moral community. The moral community is constituted by Ends-in-themselves. That is the Ideal kingdom of persons. The kingdom ensure from (1) The power of legislating for oneself and (2) The imperative to treat everyone else as an end-in-itself.

As every end chosen by a goose ill is good, the ideal of the totality of all Goods represented in the kingdom of ends must be the Absolute Good.