Introduction
Moral philosophy: Theories and issues is the book written by Emmett Barcalow. It is the third edition of this book. It shows the need and importance of moral teaching in this modern world .He is committed to providing innovations teaching solutions to help students make philosophical understanding and inquiry a lifelong endeavour. Many students think that having an opinion on a moral issue is the ends of the story, even people have different opinions it is as though they are saying, "that is what I think about that you can think what you want and I will think what I think what I want .The book is Published by Wadsworth Thomson learning from Australia.
"What do you think?"
The important questions are not so much "what so you think?"But what justification is there for thinking that? Is what you think reasonable, justified? The major task of moral philosophy is to give creative answers to philosophical problems. It should be based on reasons. The moral philosophical studies build upon the impartiality and universality, and it move toward the end with a discussion of variety of ways of justifying basic moral principles. The second chapter shows the importance of religion for moral reflection. There are so many reasons for putting in secular forms of moral justification. Scepticism will be the result if we don't follow the will of God. Objective theories have problems. But the third chapter is sympathetic to the arrangements of moral objectivism. Therefore we step into examine some real objectivist theories through forth chapter. The following chapters explain the utilitarianism, Kantian, moral theology, virtue theories in the right human action. This action must come from human right. Therefore he has focused on the approach to the moral and practical issues. Human action can have a discourse with human rights in this contemporary time. Then this leads to the United Nations Universal declaration of Human Rights. It is the sources of all human moral actions. We cancel judge human action through this discourse. The most important human thinking is in feminism and sexual equality. It has the wide area of study in relation with feminism and sexual equality. So the final chapter explains the moral theories with feminism and sexual equality.
It is a developed form of the works of Plato, Aristotle, Hume, Mill, Kant and Nietzsche; therefore famous philosophers have great influence on the moral philosophical studies. The theory part is followed by the issues just as abortion, suicide, euthanasia, equality, poverty, war peace. The theories are explained with the good explanation. The issues and theories explained together. These studies and explanation will lead us to the final section of real life case studies. There are four sets of case studies. This helps us to cover all the areas of human lives. The most important part of modern word is business. It is covered by the case studies in the business ethics. Society activities have good role in human life. All the public sector activities are studied under the branch of public sector ethics. The value of human life got all respects. It is studied under the medical ethics. We face more problems and troubles due to the narrow mind. This branch of medical ethics will help us to have a wider view on human life. Finally we take the interpersonal relationship of human beings. It is studied through interpersonal ethics.
Evaluation
This book of moral philosophy is not abstract and theoretical. It deals with issues which will help students to understand the theory in a better way. The formation of the end of each chapter with exercises will help readers to have a look at real life. It will help them to have a motivation to lead a moral life which is universally accepted. The author has taken the pain to use primary sources of great philosophers. There are more thoughts from the modern world too.
Conclusion
"What you think" is not important, but what justification is there for thinking that? Is what you think reasonable or unreasonable, justified or unjustified?" if we could react this text and reflect it, we will in a better position to have a good opinion on moral issues. The teachings of moral theories and the explanation of issues will lead us to face the real life. This book is helpful for moral philosophical discourse. So that we could be capable of involving in right moral reasoning both for personal life and for assisting people who are in need of moral clarification. It is a moral code to human being. Having an opinion on moral issues is not an end. We should have practical opinion. Moral Philosophy: Theories and Issues will be a better reference for both practical and theoretical areas of morality.
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