NORMS, Bikramdutt Boliarsingh

NORMS, Bikramdutt Boliarsingh

Definition: The rules of behavior that are part of the ideology of the group. Norms tend to reflect the values of the group and specify those actions that are proper and those that are inappropriate, as well as rewards for adherence and the punishment for conformity

In classical antiquity and the European Middle Ages religion was the principal source of ethical norms, and moral life was considered to be a submission to a pre-established cosmological order. In modern times a radical changes in ethics can be detected, due to a new concept of human subjectivity, and leading to relativistic views in ethics as well as the loss of absolutely certain moral orientation. Moral norms are considered to be human invention differing from civilization top civilization, an insight which is gaining acceptance especially in Anglo-Saxon philosophy. For freud as well, moral values are cultural products, and on this matter his thought resembles the empirical approach in moral philosophy.

 

According to Freud, moral principles and conscience are the result of the sense of guilt and of instinctual renunciation thereby imposed. Whereas in Freud's psychoanalytical approach the diagnosis of the discomfort caused by culture and ethics prevails, philosophical ethical analysis is much more interested in the positive effects of morals in society.

 

It is noteworthy that objectivistic and universalistic claims in ethics were no weaker than in the various branches of the theoretical disciplines. Especially in the ethics influenced by Platonism, validity claims related to normative issues were at the same level as the certainties of the mathematical theorems. Nowadays, such confidence is waning. However, at the same time, new attempts are constantly being made to rebuild the edifices of lost certainties; it seems that nostalgia for the good old days is the driving force behind such dogmatism.

 

Conclusion:

                        How the society may be built up! but there must be  some norms. Where it is negative or positive for the group of people but surely it is good for the majority of the people. Norms never hurt anyone if  they follow up its expectation the result was good in the past, present too and in the future will be. As we say if there is fish there must be water if not  then the fish is no more alive. Just like this without norms human society is uncivilized.